VERB TENSES

Tense	Affirmative	Negative	Question
Present Simple: For regular activities/daily schedule.	I go to school on weekdays. He goes to work during the week.	I don’t go to school on weekends. He doesn’t go to school.	Do you go to school on Valentine’s day? Does he go to school?
Present Continuous: For actions in progress at the moment of speaking.	I am reading a book right now. She is reading a novel.	I am not reading a magazine. She isn’t reading a newspaper.	Are you reading an article? Is she reading a novel?
Present Perfect Simple: For past experience, and actions that started in the past and continued to the present.	I have visited Brazil before. He has lived in the Dominican Republic for ten five years.	I haven’t been to Mexico. He hasn’t been to Japan.	Have you traveled on an airplane before? Has he lived here for a long time?
Present Perfect Continuous: To emphasize the duration of an action that started in the past and continued to the present.	We have been living here since 2017. They have been studying for three hours.	We haven’t been doing exercise since we came. They haven’t been watching TV.	How long have you been living here? What have they been doing?
Past Simple: For actions that started and were completed at a specific time in the past.	I went to the beach last weekend. He ate pizza yesterday.	I didn’t go to the mall. He didn’t eat rice.	Did you go to the mall last weekend? Did he eat a hamburger yesterday?
Past Continuous: For actions that started in the past, continued in the past and finished in the past.	She was watching a movie last night. You were sleeping last night.	She wasn’t playing video games. You weren’t studying.	Was she listening to music? Were you studying?
Past Perfect Simple: For actions that were completed before another action or a specific time in the past.	My mom had made dinner by the time I got home. My sister had finished her homework by 8:00 last night.	She hadn’t eaten when I arrived. She hadn’t taken a shower by the time dinner was ready.	Had your teacher started the class when you arrived? Had she washed the dishes before she went to bed?
Past Perfect Continuous: To emphasize the duration of an action that was completed before another action or specific time in the past.	My brother had been living in the Dominican Republic for seven years by the time I arrived. The teacher had been teaching for thirty minutes when Maria arrived.	He hadn’t been teaching for a long time when I joined. Him. The students hadn’t been doing the exercises.	Had he been visiting lots of places by the time you arrived?  Had they been using the book?
Simple Future: For future plans and arrangement. Will - Prediction Be going to - Plan	I think I will go to the beach next Saturday.(Not sure) I am going to go to the beach next Saturday. (Sure)	I won’t visit my brother this weekend. I am not going to visit my brother this Saturday.	Will you go to the beach next weekend? Are you going to go to the beach next weekend?
Future Continuous: For actions that will be in progress at a specific time in the future.	Pedro will be traveling to London tomorrow morning.	He will not be taking classes.	Will he be living in London from next week?
Future Perfect: For actions that will be completed before another action or a specific time in the future.	Karina will have finished doing the chores by the time her mom arrives.	She will not have done her assignment.	Will she have had dinner by the time we get there?
Future Perfect Continuous: To emphasize the duration of an action that will be completed before another action or specific time in the future.	Pedro will have been living in London for three months by the time his wife joins him.	He will not have been living there for a long time when his wife arrives.	Will he have been working?